Saturday, December 20, 2008
baby shower favors
Street cred, a buzz, respect, fear: these are just some of the reasons identified by young people for carrying knives. However, these reasons do not justify why they feel the need to carry such a lethal object. Children are ignorant to the damage a knife can do; they seem to imagine somehow that having a knife is not going to cause the same damage that would be caused if they were shooting at somebody.
Why have knives become an issue? There have been a number of recent incidents in which children have been attacked with knives. In May 2006, 15-year-old schoolboy Kiyan Prince was stabbed and killed outside his school in London. A few days later, another boy, aged 14, was hurt in a stabbing incident in Birmingham. In 2003, 14-year-old Luke Walmsley was fatally stabbed at his secondary school. Sixteen-year-old Alan Pennell was convicted of Luke's murder and was given a life sentence. Research suggests that children as young as 10 are carrying knives and a third of under 16s regularly carry a knife. Scottish police say there are almost four times as many stabbings in Glasgow than in any other part of the UK. And half of knife crimes there are committed by people under the age of 21.
David Wilson is professor of criminology at the University of Central England. He has spent five years investigating why children carry knives. During an interview with Lizo for Newsround he said “I think there are two groups of reasons. Firstly there are defensive reasons why children would carry knives. In other words, they feel they are going to be bullied, they feel they are going to be attacked. Crucially, they don't feel they get protection from the adult world when they face those threats. However I think there's a second group of reasons which relate to the fact that simply by carrying a knife in their hand or in their pocket they get, very quickly, a great deal of respect from their peers.
Kids will often get into more trouble when they have a knife because they have too much confidence; they feel that can deal with the threats themselves. Whereas in fact all that this means is that they are likely to get into further trouble. What the adult world has got to be able to do is convince young people that the solution to their problems is not in carrying knives. The evidence seems to suggest from all kinds of different sources that children as young as 10 are carrying knives. And that is quite a frightening statistic when you think about it, because that takes the problem not into our secondary schools, but into our primary schools.”
So now with an expert's opinion on the matter we can have identified at least two reasons why a child would carry a knife. Mr. Wilson's first explanation was “defensive” .We've all heard of stories about bullying, how bad it can be and how the victim goes through hell, but would this lead to the need for them to carry a knife? In addition, Mr. Wilson refers to being attacked, is our society such a dangerous place that a ten year old feels he needs to carry a knife in order to get home safe? The second explanation Mr. Wilson contributed was “simply by carrying a knife in their hand or in their pocket they get, very quickly, a great deal of respect from their peers.” So in order to be “cool” in today's modern world a child has to carry a lethal object around. Quite simply, in my opinion these are not excuses for a child to even think about carrying an object that could snatch a life in just a few seconds.
Inspector Tom Halbert works in the Violent Crime Reduction Unit in Glasgow. He also had an interview with Newsround and told of the problems he has encountered. "There is a problem in Glasgow with the carrying of knives. So far, it's my experience that when young people come to your attention for carrying knives, it would tend to be teenagers, kids from 12 years upwards. In the main, young people will carry knives that they know are quite easily hidden. Some use the excuse that they are carrying it out of fear, but the truth of the matter is a knife is not a defensive weapon. It's an attacking weapon. It's there to inflict injury and harm. If there's any young person out there anywhere in the UK who is carrying a knife or thinking about carrying a knife, my message is simple: don't do it. It's a mug's game. You'll cause yourself serious harm, and your family serious harm." However, children in our society do not seem to realise this
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baby celtic
ot long ago, a group of teenagers joined many prestigious writers appearing at the national book fair to personally promote their works. Their achievements seem encouraging. At least they ¡®re not losing in sales volume to their senior counterparts,acorrding to latest issue of Beijing Review.
In recent years, many of the works of teen writers have become bestsellers and are currently occupying the most eye-catching positions in bookstores across China. On this basis, the public has also become very familiar with some of them, such as Han Han¡®s Triple Door; Yu Xiu ¡¯s The Wonderful, the Tearful; Guan Yanzhuo ¡®s Last Days in Senior Middle School; Yang Zhe ¡¯s Flying; Gu Zi ¡®s I, Boy, and My Best Friend; Qiqige¡¯s Up and Down; Zhang Mengmeng¡®s I ¡¯m Shining, Too; as well as the Teenagers¡® Portraits Series published by Huacheng Press.
New books are being published one after another. Early last February, 17-year-old Cui Lijing from the countryside of Zhejiang Province and Han Han had their latest books published. Cui ¡®s was a work of fiction of 270,000 characters entitled The Fallen. Han Han ¡¯s book was called One Degree Celsius Below Zero. Recently, the China Youth Press, the China Teenagers Press and the Chinese Teenagers ¡® New Century Reading Club jointly launched the WOWO Series, which included 16-year-old Jin Jin¡¯ s Rebuild the Gate Toward Hell and 15-year-old Wei Ni ¡®s My Rebirth Is for You.
The reasons why these teen writers have written creative literary works vary.
Yang Zhe, 18, is in third grade of the senior part of Beijing Normal University¡®s No.2 Affiliated Middle School. His wish is to first raise his name in literary circles through writing and then become a famous movie director. For this purpose, he completed his 250,000-character-long work of fiction entitled Flying. His second book, An Angel Without Wings, which has been serialized online by Chinaren.com, will be published soon. Up to now, Yang has published a large number of articles and has set up his own home page.
The quiet Jin Jin is Yang ¡®s classmate. The youngest poet recognized by the Guinness Book of Records, she published a poetry anthology when she was six. When she was 10, Jin, together with another little girl, began to create a book of their own with Jin making up the story and her partner writing it down. Feeling the work was too burdensome to continue, Jin ¡¯s partner later gave up and sold her copyright share to Jin for 12 yuan. Recently, Jin¡®s Rebuild the Gate Toward Hell, a 200,000-character-long surreal novel, went on the market.
Wei Ni is the penname of Tu Hanbi, a third grade student at Beijing No.2 Middle School. A year ago, Tu happened to read the Teenagers ¡® Portraits Series, a group of fictional stories written by middle school students. Suddenly, she was struck by the idea of trying to write herself. It took the girl just half a month to complete her 130,000-character-long work of fiction entitled My Rebirth Is for You.
The emergence of teen writers has aroused various responses, encouraging, worrisome and critical. People criticizing the loudest say the phenomenon is a result of commercial promotion, which is completely harmful to children ¡®s growth. Worse still, some people say unreasonable promotion of teen writers is likely to ruin their talent.
The work of teen writers is favored most by their peers.
Yan Weining, a middle school student, said she appreciates creative literary works by her peers very much. Without the tactfulness and affectedness commonly found in adult writers ¡® works, they are smoother and more natural, despite their immaturity and relatively low literary values. Adult writers have always focused on middle school students ¡¯ fretfulness in puberty or puppy love, Yan said, adding that such works have underestimated the colorfulness of contemporary middle school students ¡® life.
Chief Executive An Poshun of the Chinese Teenagers¡® New Century Reading Club revealed that prior to the WOWO Series, the club had unsuccessfully attempted to solicit surreal fiction from adult writers. While adult writers have ceaseless enthusiasm to write about real lives, An said they are weak in imagining and singing the praises of the beauty of the human world and nature.
As a result, the WOWO Series has centered on works by teenagers. To the editors ¡® surprise, more than 30 novels and 269 examples of prose and liberary fragments, which embodied unprecedented enthusiasm and admirably rich imagination, were sent to them within a month.
The intellectual level of today ¡®s children is far higher than that of previous generations, An said, adding that teen writers¡¯ creative ability does not lag behind adults at all. Great efforts should be made to help teenagers with literary talent, he stressed.
An expert on teenagers¡®creative literary writing, Yang Peng attributed the promotion of teen writers to the improved awareness of the press working in line with international conventions, which not only benefits talented teen writers, but also fosters reserves for China ¡¯s literary circles. Nevertheless, Yang called for objective, instead of unreasonable, promotion, in order to prevent misleading children with no talent.
Both Jin Jin and Yang Zhe are now studying in China ¡®s only class that caters to students with outstanding literary talent. The class was established on a pilot basis with the approval of the Ministry of Education. Three students in this class have had their novels or literary works of other types published. As for the school as a whole, such students number five. Wu Linshu, director of the Dean ¡¯s Office of Beijing Normal University ¡®s No.2 Affiliated Middle School, said the leadership of the school takes a positive attitude toward students ¡¯ creative literary work that doesn ¡®t disrupt the normal teaching order. But he criticized the media¡¯s overheated coverage of this issue, saying both ridicule and lavish praise are not beneficial to youngsters.
According to a report in Beijing Youth Daily, teenagers ¡® creative literary works mainly fall into the following four categories:
--Family members¡® influence. For example, famous writers Xiao Fuxing and Bi Shumin have both instructed their children to complete literary works on middle school students ¡¯ life.
--Record of personal experiences. The representative is Yu Xiu¡®s popular fiction The Wonderful, the Tearful.
--Private writing out of personal aesthetic standards.
--Commercial activities of publishers.
Fathers tolddo more for your children
Fathers-only parent evenings at schools and other special events are to form a big part of a new parenting strategy to be outlined by the education secretary, Alan Johnson, today.
He will present his plans in a speech drawing on research that shows disengagement of fathers is a crucial source of the relative failure of boys in schools. The strategy is also designed to counter rising crime and educational failure.
Though the initiative is likely to be criticised by some family campaigners, Mr Johnson believes there is merit in fathers-only parent evenings, at which they would hear reports from teachers about the progress of their children.
Research suggests that, especially in cases where parents are separated, the father either does not attend or ends up arguing with his former partner.
Mr Johnson is also convinced that some errant fathers need to be persuaded to re-engage with the value of school. He will argue that many unsupportive fathers have had a negative experience of school themselves.
One solution is to ask disengaged fathers to attend courses designed to help them in their role as a father, understand the value of school or to offer practical educational advice.
Mr Johnson will point out that almost half of all children from separated families did not see their father once last year.
He will make no direct reference to the recent gun crimes in south London, but his intervention is bound to fuel the debate on the failure of some fathers to remain committed to their children, an issue that has been raised by many community leaders and educationalists.
The speech is part of a counterattack by the government against claims by David Cameron that a form of social breakdown has gripped Britain, largely due to the decline in the traditional family.
Tony Blair will use his monthly press conference today to attack suggestions recently raised by the Unicef report on children's wellbeing that Britain is suffering a social breakdown. He will say that since 1997 the bottom 20% of society have seen their income rise faster than the richest 20%. A No 10 spokesperson said: "This remarkable progress is the untold story of this government," adding that the challenge now was to offer more support to those who have not benefited as much as they could have from the progressive reforms introduced.
Mr Johnson, who was largely brought up by his older sister, will use his speech to call for "a welfare state that does more to support parents". He will also say that fathers "are not optional extras in the family unit - and should not be regarded as such, not in the workplace, the home or the courts".
"The trouble is that many of the systems and structures we inherited in connection with family life were created in a world which unashamedly sought to keep women at home. As society modernises so must the welfare state be modernised."
Mr Johnson has been studying myriad academic research suggesting the role of parents has a massive direct effect on a child's educational achievement aged 16 and that the effect is far greater than other factors in their upbringing. The speech is an attempt to undermine proposals from Mr Cameron to shape the tax system to favour marriage through transferable tax allowance.
He will claim Labour's abolition of the married couples allowance "was not the act of a government that had no respect for marriage - it was essential in ensuring that children came first". He will argue the MCA discriminated against the 4 million children - one third of all children - whose parents were not married".
However, he will also say: "Marriage represents the pinnacle of a strong relationship: requiring a public commitment between two people.
"But that does not mean all children from married couples fare well, nor that every other kind of alternate family structure is irretrievably doomed to fail."